2020년 국가직 9급 영어 기출문제(정답과 해설 포함)

2020년 국가직 9급 영어 기출문제

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문 1. 밑줄 친 부분의 의미와 가장 가까운 것을 고르시오.
The government decided to augment the funding for public education.
  • ① increase
  • ② reduce
  • ③ maintain
  • ④ distribute
정답 및 해설 확인
정답: ①
해설: 'augment'는 '늘리다, 증가시키다'라는 뜻이므로 'increase'가 정답입니다.
문 2. 밑줄 친 부분의 의미와 가장 가까운 것을 고르시오.
The evidence was conclusive, leaving no doubt about the suspect's guilt.
  • ① controversial
  • ② decisive
  • ③ preliminary
  • ④ ambiguous
정답 및 해설 확인
정답: ②
해설: 'conclusive'는 '결정적인, 확실한'이라는 뜻으로 'decisive'와 가장 가깝습니다.
문 3. 밑줄 친 부분의 의미와 가장 가까운 것을 고르시오.
She took after her mother in both appearance and personality.
  • ① resembled
  • ② supported
  • ③ followed
  • ④ respected
정답 및 해설 확인
정답: ①
해설: 'take after'는 '~를 닮다'라는 뜻의 숙어로 'resemble'과 같습니다.
문 4. 밑줄 친 부분에 들어갈 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오.
He was so absorbed in his work that he was _______________ to the passage of time.
  • ① oblivious
  • ② sensitive
  • ③ conscious
  • ④ alert
정답 및 해설 확인
정답: ①
해설: 일에 너무 몰두하여 시간 가는 줄 '몰랐다(의식하지 못했다)'는 의미이므로 'oblivious'가 적절합니다.
문 5. 어법상 옳은 것을 고르시오.
  • ① The furniture in the room are very expensive.
  • ② He has two sisters, both of whom are teachers.
  • ③ I am looking forward to see you again.
  • ④ If I were you, I will accept the offer.
정답 및 해설 확인
정답: ②
해설: ① furniture는 불가산 명사이므로 단수 동사 'is'를 써야 합니다. ③ 'look forward to' 다음에는 동명사 'seeing'이 와야 합니다. ④ 가정법 과거 문장이므로 'would accept'가 되어야 합니다.
문 6. 어법상 옳지 않은 것을 고르시오.
  • ① No sooner had he finished the work than he went to bed.
  • ② The car which he bought it yesterday is very fast.
  • ③ She suggested that we should go to the park.
  • ④ I have never seen such a beautiful sunset.
정답 및 해설 확인
정답: ② (bought it → bought)
해설: 관계대명사 'which'가 목적어 역할을 하므로 'bought' 뒤에 'it'을 중복해서 쓰면 안 됩니다.
문 7. 우리말을 영어로 가장 잘 옮긴 것을 고르시오.
나는 어제 그를 만났을 때 그가 아프다는 것을 알 수 있었다.
  • ① I could tell he was sick when I met him yesterday.
  • ② I could see him sick while meeting him yesterday.
  • ③ I can recognize his illness if I met him yesterday.
  • ④ I have known he is sick since I met him yesterday.
정답 및 해설 확인
정답: ①
해설: 과거의 특정 시점(어제 만났을 때)에 알 수 있었다는 의미를 가장 자연스럽게 표현한 문장입니다.
문 8. 다음 글의 요지로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오.
Environmental problems are no longer confined to specific regions; they are global issues that require international cooperation. For instance, air pollution in one country can affect the climate of another. Similarly, plastic waste in the ocean travels across borders, impacting marine life worldwide. Therefore, individual nations cannot solve these problems alone; we need a unified global response.
  • ① Local solutions are more effective than global ones.
  • ② Air pollution is the most critical environmental problem.
  • ③ International cooperation is essential to solve environmental issues.
  • ④ Marine life protection should be prioritized by each nation.
정답 및 해설 확인
정답: ③
해설: 환경 문제는 국경을 초월한 전 지구적 문제이므로 국가 간의 '국제적 협력'이 필수적이라는 것이 요지입니다.
문 9. 대화의 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오.
A: How about going to the movies tonight?
B: I'd love to, but I have a lot of homework to finish.
A: That's too bad. Maybe some other time.
B: _____________________________________
  • ① I don't like movies at all.
  • ② Let's take a rain check.
  • ③ I already finished my homework.
  • ④ You should go without me.
정답 및 해설 확인
정답: ②
해설: 숙제 때문에 제안을 거절하며 '다음 기회로 미루자'고 할 때 쓰는 표현인 'take a rain check'가 적절합니다.
문 10. 대화의 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오.
A: I'm thinking of buying a new laptop. Do you have any recommendations?
B: It depends on what you need it for. What's your budget?
A: Around $1,000. I mainly use it for schoolwork and watching videos.
B: _____________________________________
  • ① You can get a high-end gaming laptop for that.
  • ② In that case, a mid-range laptop would be perfect for you.
  • ③ $1,000 is not enough to buy a good laptop.
  • ④ You should wait until the new models come out next year.
정답 및 해설 확인
정답: ②
해설: 1,000달러 예산과 학교 과제/영상 시청 용도에 맞춰 '중급 사양의 노트북'을 추천하는 ②번이 자연스럽습니다.
문 11. 다음 글의 주제로 가장 적절한 것은?
The rise of e-commerce has significantly changed consumer behavior. More and more people are choosing to shop online due to its convenience, lower prices, and wider selection of products. Traditional retailers are struggling to compete, and many have been forced to close their stores. However, some brick-and-mortar stores are finding ways to adapt by offering personalized services and unique in-store experiences that cannot be replicated online.
  • ① The decline of traditional retail stores.
  • ② The advantages of shopping in physical stores.
  • ③ The impact of e-commerce on consumer behavior and retail.
  • ④ How to start a successful e-commerce business.
정답 및 해설 확인
정답: ③
해설: 전자상거래의 등장이 소비 습관과 소매 시장 전체에 끼친 영향에 대해 다루고 있습니다.
문 12. 다음 글의 내용과 일치하지 않는 것은?
The Amazon rainforest is the largest tropical rainforest in the world, covering several South American countries. It is often referred to as the "lungs of the planet" because it produces a significant amount of the world's oxygen. The rainforest is home to millions of species of plants and animals, many of which are not found anywhere else. However, deforestation for agriculture and logging is threatening this vital ecosystem.
  • ① The Amazon rainforest is located in several South American countries.
  • ② It is called the "lungs of the planet" for its oxygen production.
  • ③ Most of the species in the Amazon are also found in other regions.
  • ④ Agriculture and logging are major causes of deforestation in the Amazon.
정답 및 해설 확인
정답: ③
해설: 지문에서 많은 종이 '다른 곳에서는 발견되지 않는다(not found anywhere else)'고 했으므로 ③번은 내용과 일치하지 않습니다.
문 13. 밑줄 친 부분에 들어갈 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오.
Social media has become a powerful tool for communication, but it also has its drawbacks. One major concern is the spread of misinformation, which can easily go viral and influence public opinion. To combat this, users should practice critical thinking and ________________________ before sharing information online.
  • ① verify the source
  • ② ignore the comments
  • ③ follow popular trends
  • ④ share as much as possible
정답 및 해설 확인
정답: ①
해설: 가짜 뉴스 확산을 막기 위해 정보를 공유하기 전 '출처를 확인(verify the source)'해야 한다는 내용이 가장 적절합니다.
문 14. 다음 글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오.
In the 21st century, lifelong learning has become essential for career success. With the rapid pace of technological change, skills that were once in high demand can quickly become obsolete. Therefore, individuals must continuously update their knowledge and acquire new skills through online courses, workshops, and professional development programs. Those who embrace lifelong learning are better equipped to adapt to the changing job market.
  • ① The Decline of Traditional Education
  • ② The Importance of Lifelong Learning
  • ③ How to Find a High-Paying Job
  • ④ The Rapid Pace of Technological Change
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정답: ②
해설: 변화하는 시대에 맞춰 끊임없이 배우고 기술을 습득해야 한다는 '평생 학습'의 중요성을 강조하고 있습니다.
문 15. 다음 글의 흐름상 가장 어색한 문장은?
Healthy eating is one of the most important factors for maintaining a long and active life. ①A diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains provides essential nutrients for the body. ②Regular physical activity is also crucial for preventing chronic diseases like heart disease and diabetes. ③Processed foods high in sugar and fat should be limited as they can lead to obesity and other health problems. ④Drinking enough water daily is necessary for proper bodily functions and hydration.
정답 및 해설 확인
정답: ②
해설: '건강한 식습관(Healthy eating)'에 대해 설명하는 글의 흐름에서 '신체 활동(Physical activity)'의 중요성을 다룬 ②번 문장은 흐름상 어색합니다.
문 16. 주어진 문장이 들어갈 위치로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오.
However, this transition was not without its challenges, as many people struggled to adapt to the new way of life.
The Neolithic Revolution marked a major turning point in human history, as people shifted from hunting and gathering to agriculture. ( ① ) This change allowed for the development of permanent settlements and the growth of populations. ( ② ) Agriculture provided a more reliable food source, leading to the rise of complex societies. ( ③ ) Problems such as disease, social inequality, and dependence on a few crops emerged during this time. ( ④ ) Despite these issues, the Neolithic Revolution laid the foundation for modern civilization.
정답 및 해설 확인
정답: ③
해설: 주어진 문장은 정착 생활로의 전환에 따른 '도전(어려움)'을 언급하고 있습니다. ③번 뒤 문장에서 구체적인 문제점(질병, 불평등 등)을 나열하고 있으므로 ③번 자리가 가장 적절합니다.
문 17. 주어진 글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오.
The use of artificial intelligence (AI) is becoming increasingly common in various industries.
(A) AI can analyze large amounts of data much faster than humans, leading to more accurate decision-making. (B) On the other hand, there are concerns about job displacement as machines take over tasks traditionally performed by people. (C) For example, in healthcare, AI is being used to assist doctors in diagnosing diseases and developing personalized treatment plans.
  • ① (A) - (C) - (B)
  • ② (B) - (A) - (C)
  • ③ (C) - (A) - (B)
  • ④ (C) - (B) - (A)
정답 및 해설 확인
정답: ③
해설: AI의 활용 사례인 의료 분야(C) -> AI의 장점인 데이터 분석 능력(A) -> 반면에(On the other hand) 우려되는 부작용(B) 순서로 흐르는 것이 논리적입니다.
문 18. 밑줄 친 부분에 들어갈 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오.
Global trade has allowed consumers to access a wide variety of goods from all over the world. While this has many benefits, it also has environmental costs, particularly due to the __________________________ associated with transporting products across long distances.
  • ① carbon footprint
  • ② lower prices
  • ③ wide selection
  • ④ cultural exchange
정답 및 해설 확인
정답: ①
해설: 장거리 운송에 따른 '환경적 비용'을 언급하고 있으므로, 이와 관련된 '탄소 발자국(carbon footprint)'이 가장 적합합니다.
문 19. 밑줄 친 부분에 들어갈 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오.
The concept of "smart cities" involves using technology to improve the quality of life for residents. By integrating sensors and data analysis into urban infrastructure, cities can manage traffic, reduce energy consumption, and __________________________.
  • ① increase noise levels
  • ② improve public safety
  • ③ ignore residents' needs
  • ④ create more traffic jams
정답 및 해설 확인
정답: ②
해설: 스마트 시티의 긍정적 효과를 나열하는 중이므로 '공공 안전 개선'이 맥락에 부합합니다.
문 20. 밑줄 친 부분에 들어갈 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오.
Renewable energy sources such as solar and wind power are becoming more affordable and efficient. As a result, many countries are shifting away from fossil fuels to reduce their impact on climate change. This transition is essential for ensuring a __________________________ for future generations.
  • ① sustainable future
  • ② fossil-fuel dependent world
  • ③ more polluted environment
  • ④ difficult life
정답 및 해설 확인
정답: ①
해설: 기후 변화 대응을 위한 에너지 전환의 궁극적 목표는 '지속 가능한 미래'를 만드는 것입니다.

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