2023년 국가직 9급 영어 기출문제(정답과 해설 포함)

2023년 국가직 9급 영어 기출문제

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문 1. 밑줄 친 부분의 의미와 가장 가까운 것을 고르시오.
Jane wanted to have a small wedding rather than a fancy one. Thus, she planned to invite her family and a few of her intimate friends to eat delicious food and have some pleasant moments.
  • ① nosy
  • ② close
  • ③ outgoing
  • ④ considerate
정답 및 해설 확인
정답: ②
intimate는 '친밀한'이라는 뜻으로 close와 동의어입니다.
문 2. 밑줄 친 부분의 의미와 가장 가까운 것을 고르시오.
The incessant public curiosity and consumer demand due to the health benefits with lesser cost has increased the interest in functional foods.
  • ① rapid
  • ② constant
  • ③ significant
  • ④ intermittent
정답 및 해설 확인
정답: ②
incessant는 '끊임없는'이라는 뜻으로 constant가 정답입니다.
문 3. 밑줄 친 부분의 의미와 가장 가까운 것을 고르시오.
Because of the pandemic, the company had to hold off the plan to provide the workers with various training programs.
  • ① elaborate
  • ② release
  • ③ modify
  • ④ suspend
정답 및 해설 확인
정답: ④
hold off는 '지연시키다, 중단하다'라는 뜻으로 suspend와 통합니다.
문 4. 밑줄 친 부분의 의미와 가장 가까운 것을 고르시오.
The new Regional Governor said he would abide by the decision of the High Court to release the prisoner.
  • ① accept
  • ② report
  • ③ postpone
  • ④ announce
정답 및 해설 확인
정답: ①
abide by는 '~을 따르다, 준수하다'이므로 accept가 적절합니다.
문 5. 밑줄 친 부분 중 어법상 옳지 않은 것은?
While advances in transplant technology have made ①it possible to extend the life of individuals with end-stage organ disease, it is argued ②that the biomedical view of organ transplantation as a bounded event, which ends once a heart or kidney is successfully replaced, ③conceal the complex and dynamic process that more ④accurately represents the experience of receiving an organ.
정답 및 해설 확인
정답: ③ (conceal -> conceals)
주어가 'the biomedical view'(단수)이므로 동사는 conceals가 되어야 합니다.
문 6. 어법상 옳지 않은 것은?
  • ① All assignments are expected to be turned in on time.
  • ② Hardly had I closed my eyes when I began to think of her.
  • ③ The broker recommended that she buy the stocks immediately.
  • ④ A woman with the tip of a pencil stuck in her head has finally had it remove.
정답 및 해설 확인
정답: ④ (remove -> removed)
사역동사 have의 목적어 it(연필심)이 제거되는 수동 관계이므로 과거분사 removed가 필요합니다.
문 7. 우리말을 영어로 잘못 옮긴 것은?
  • ① 내 고양이 나이는 그의 고양이 나이의 세 배이다.
    → My cat is three times as old as his.
  • ② 우리는 그 일을 이번 달 말까지 끝내야 한다.
    → We have to finish the work until the end of this month.
  • ③ 그녀는 이틀에 한 번 머리를 감는다.
    → She washes her hair every other day.
  • ④ 너는 비가 올 경우에 대비하여 우산을 갖고 가는 게 낫겠다.
    → You had better take an umbrella in case it rains.
정답 및 해설 확인
정답: ② (until -> by)
완료 기한을 나타낼 때는 by를 사용합니다. until은 상태의 지속을 나타냅니다.
문 8. 다음 글의 내용과 일치하지 않는 것은?
Choline is a nutrient that is essential for brain development, liver function, and muscle movement. It's also been shown to help prevent cardiovascular disease and some types of cancer. A shocking 90 percent of Americans aren't getting enough choline, and it's not a nutrient that's currently on the radar of many people. Nutritionist Taylor Wallace says, "There isn't enough awareness about choline even among health-care professionals because our government hasn't reviewed the data or set policies around choline since the late '90s." Foods such as liver, eggs, and lima beans are good sources of choline.
  • ① A majority of Americans are not getting enough choline.
  • ② Choline is an essential nutrient required for brain development.
  • ③ Foods such as liver and lima beans are good sources of choline.
  • ④ The importance of choline has been stressed since the late ’90s in the U.S.
정답 및 해설 확인
정답: ④
지문에 따르면 90년대 후반 이후 정책이 부재하여 인식 및 데이터 검토가 이루어지지 않았습니다.
문 9. 다음 글의 내용과 일치하는 것은?
The coffeehouses provided England's first egalitarian meeting place, where a man chatted with his tablemates whether he knew them or not. The information they provided ― news, social gossip, politics, and the latest in fashion and tea ― was as important as the coffee they served. Coffeehouses were open to anyone who could afford the penny for a cup of coffee. They were often called 'Penny Universities' because for the price of a cup of coffee, a person could receive an education in any number of subjects. Different coffeehouses specialized in different topics: some in business, some in law, and some in the arts.
  • ① The number of coffeehouses was smaller than that of any other business.
  • ② Customers were not allowed to stay for more than an hour in a coffeehouse.
  • ③ Religious people didn't get together in a coffeehouse to chat.
  • ④ One could converse even with unknown tablemates in a coffeehouse.
정답 및 해설 확인
정답: ④
첫 문장에서 모르는 사람과도 평등하게 대화를 나누었다는 내용과 일치합니다.
문 10. 대화의 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?
A: This new skin cream is amazing. It's supposed to remove all wrinkles and make your skin look much younger.
B: __________________________________________________
A: Why don't you believe it? My friend tried it and she's very happy with the results.
  • ① I don’t buy it.
  • ② It’s too pricey.
  • ③ I can’t help you out.
  • ④ Believe it or not, it’s true.
정답 및 해설 확인
정답: ①
A의 다음 말인 '왜 안 믿느냐'로 보아 B는 상대의 말을 믿지 않는다는 표현인 ①을 사용했습니다.
문 11. 대화의 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?
A: I've checked out the museum and the library. What else should I check out?
B: _________________________________________________
A: I don't have time for that. I need to meet a client at three o'clock.
  • ① This is the map that your client needs.
  • ② A guided tour to the river park. It takes all afternoon.
  • ③ You should check it out as soon as possible.
  • ④ The checkout time is three o'clock.
정답 및 해설 확인
정답: ②
A가 시간이 없다고 답한 이유는 B가 제안한 활동이 시간이 오래 걸리기 때문입니다.
문 12. 두 사람의 대화 중 가장 자연스럽지 않은 것은?
  • ① A: He's finally in a hit movie! / B: Well, he's got it made.
  • ② A: I'm getting a little tired now. / B: Let's call it a day.
  • ③ A: The kids are going to a birthday party. / B: So, it was a piece of cake.
  • ④ A: I wonder why he went home early yesterday. / B: I think he was under the weather.
정답 및 해설 확인
정답: ③
'a piece of cake'는 아주 쉬운 일이라는 뜻이므로 아이들이 파티에 가는 상황과 어색합니다.
문 13. 다음 글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것은?
Nonverbal cues ― rather than spoken words ― make us feel that the person we are with is interested in, understands, and values us. They're what build the sense of connection. Many people aren't aware of the nonverbal cues they send out. For example, if you say "I'm interested in what you're saying" while looking at your watch or folding your arms, your nonverbal cues suggest the opposite.
  • ① How Do Wild Animals Think and Feel?
  • ② Communicating Effectively Is the Secret to Success
  • ③ Nonverbal Communication Speaks Louder than Words
  • ④ Verbal Cues: The Primary Tools for Expressing Feelings
정답 및 해설 확인
정답: ③
말보다 비언어적 신호가 더 큰 영향력을 발휘하고 진실한 감정을 전달한다는 제목이 적합합니다.
문 14. 다음 글의 주제로 가장 적절한 것은?
Your child is only two once. So if she doesn't want to share her toys with other children, don't worry. It's perfectly normal for a two-year-old to be possessive. But you can start to teach her that it's okay to let go. If a toy of hers is broken or lost, help her to say, "I had fun with that." Help her to focus on the pleasure she had, rather than the loss. This helps her to develop a healthy attitude toward her possessions.
  • ① building a healthy attitude toward possessions
  • ② learning the value of sharing toys with others
  • ③ teaching how to arrange toys in an orderly manner
  • ④ accepting responsibility for behaving in undesirable ways
정답 및 해설 확인
정답: ①
아이에게 소유물에 대해 건강한 태도를 갖도록 교육하는 법에 관한 글입니다.
문 15. 다음 글의 요지로 가장 적절한 것은?
Some researchers found that children who were praised for their intelligence, as compared to their effort, became overly focused on results. They were more likely to give up after a failure, and they showed less enjoyment when they faced a difficult task. In contrast, children who were praised for their effort were more willing to take on challenges and persisted longer when things got tough.
  • ① Frequent praises increase self-esteem of children.
  • ② Compliments on intelligence bring about negative effect.
  • ③ A child should overcome fear of failure through success.
  • ④ Parents should focus on the outcome rather than the process.
정답 및 해설 확인
정답: ②
지능 칭찬이 아이들에게 결과 중심적 태도와 실패에 대한 두려움을 준다는 요지입니다.
문 16. 밑줄 친 부분에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?
For example, Coca-Cola web and social media sites around the world, from Coca-Cola India to Coca-Cola France to Coca-Cola Brazil, are surprisingly __________. All feature splashes of familiar Coke red, iconic Coke bottle shapes, and the "Open Happiness" theme. At the same time, however, the sites also include specific content that's relevant to local consumers.
  • ① experimental
  • ② uniform
  • ③ localized
  • ④ diverse
정답 및 해설 확인
정답: ②
전 세계 사이트들이 공통된 색상과 로고, 테마를 공유하므로 '균일한(uniform)'이 정답입니다.
문 17. 다음 글의 흐름상 가장 어색한 문장은?
The pandemic has fundamentally changed the way we think about office space. (1) Companies have realized that many employees can be productive while working from home. (2) But our survey data suggests cuts in office space of 1% to 2% on average, implying big reductions in density not space. (3) Most employees want to work from home on Mondays and Fridays. (4) Discomfort with density extends to lobbies, elevators, and even the office desk itself.
정답 및 해설 확인
정답: (3)
사무실 공간 밀도와 수요에 대해 논하는 중 특정 요일 재택 선호는 논점에서 벗어납니다.
문 18. 주어진 문장이 들어갈 위치로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오.
They installed video cameras at places known for illegal crossings, and put live video feeds from the cameras on a Web site.
Texas has been using a new way to patrol its border with Mexico. ( ① ) It's called "virtual border watch." ( ② ) The idea is to use the power of the Internet to help watch the border. ( ③ ) The state government invited anyone with a computer to log on and watch the border from their home. ( ④ ) Volunteers can report any suspicious activity to the authorities. These people are "virtual" Texas Rangers.
정답 및 해설 확인
정답: ③
카메라 설치와 웹사이트 구축이 선행되어야 일반인이 접속하여 볼 수 있으므로 ③번이 정답입니다.
문 19. 주어진 글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절한 것은?
All civilizations rely on government administration. Perhaps no civilization better exemplifies this than ancient Rome.
(A) To rule such a vast area, the Romans needed an effective government administration. The administration of this empire was a great feat, and the Romans' ability to administer their empire was one of the reasons for its success. (B) The word "civilization" itself comes from the Latin word "civis," meaning "citizen," and the Romans were the first to develop a complex system of government administration that was based on the idea of citizenship. (C) At its height, the Roman Empire covered a vast area, including much of Europe, North Africa, and the Middle East.
  • ① (A) - (B) - (C)
  • ② (B) - (A) - (C)
  • ③ (B) - (C) - (A)
  • ④ (C) - (A) - (B)
정답 및 해설 확인
정답: ③
시민의 어원(B) -> 로마의 영토 확장(C) -> 행정 시스템의 필요성(A) 순서가 논리적입니다.
문 20. 밑줄 친 부분에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?
Psychology of science will encourage collaboration among psychologists from various sub-areas, such as developmental, social, and cognitive psychology, helping the field achieve coherence rather than continued fragmentation. Instead of having cognitive psychologists study science from one perspective and social psychologists study it from another, the psychology of science will combine resources and study science ______________________.
  • ① from a unified perspective
  • ② in dynamic aspects
  • ③ throughout history
  • ④ with accurate evidence
정답 및 해설 확인
정답: ①
파편화 대신 일관성(coherence)을 위해 '통합된 관점(unified perspective)'에서 연구해야 합니다.

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